The Theory Of Economic Growth Theory - 1703 Words

Literature review As an important and popular issue in the field of economic research, it attracts many economists and there are many models to explain economic growth. In the history of the development of economic growth theories, there are three important stages which are the Classical Growth theory, the Neoclassical Growth theory and the Endogenous Growth theory. To start with, the Classical Growth theory is based on the Keynesian theory and the representative one is the Harrod–Domar model. It was put forward by Roy F. Harrod in 1939 and Domar in 1946. This is the first economic growth model, changing the research on economic growth from the qualitative to the quantitative. There are four exogenous parameters in the Harrod–Domar model: the capital - output ratio, saving rates, technological progress and population growth rate (Harrod, 1939). Harrod brought in the notion of three different growth. The first one is warranted growth (Gw), which means the growth rate when the investment c an absorb all saving. The second one is natural growth (Gn), which is the rate to maintain full employment and determined by labor force. And the last one is actual growth (G), which can be determined by saving rate. The condition of stable growth is G=Gw=Gn. However, the condition cannot be met in the real world. As a result, the result of the Harrod–Domar model is the unstable growth (ibid). After that, Solow and Swan proposed the Solow-Swan model in 1956 separately, which belongs toShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Economic Growth6096 Words   |  25 PagesCHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW Abstract The theory of economic growth sparked a revolution that has touched most societies across the globe. (Need to finish the abstract) 2.0 Introduction The aim of this original piece of research is to contribute to the overall understanding of how financial development effects different sources of economic growth alongside the effectiveness of fiscal policy. In highlighting this research direction, a strong literature review is needed to indicate if any gaps existRead MoreRostows Theory Of Economic Growth1507 Words   |  7 Pages 2 Rostow’s theory of economic growth (or Rostovian take-off model), is historically one of the major models of economic growth. Published in 1960 by American economist Walt Whitman Rostow, the model dictates that economic growth occurs in five stages of fluctuating time periods. The five stages include 1) the traditional society, 2) the preconditions for take-off, 3) the take-off, 4) the drive to maturity, and finally, 5) the age of mass production. The following definitions were establishedRead MoreEconomic Theories of population growth7492 Words   |  30 PagesPopulation Growth and Natural Resources 73 3.2 Economic Theories of Population Growth In this section the demographic transition process observed in the previous section will be examined in terms of economic theories. 3.2.1 The Malthus model Thomas Robert Malthus Â…1766 ±1834† is known as a pioneer in the economic theory of population. His Principle of Population Â…[1798] 1926† was a re ¯ection of England s premiere entrance into the process of modern demographic transition. His populationRead MoreThe Theory Of Economic Growth Model2281 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction Someone can notice vast differences in average real incomes, countries’ growth records and in standards of living over times that affect living human welfare. Many model mechanisms have been used to study the worldwide growth and income differences across countries. A fundamental model that economist have used to study these issues is the Solow growth model. This essay concentrates on the analysis of this model. Firstly, the derivation of the model will be demonstrated including theRead MoreRostow s Theory Of Economic Growth997 Words   |  4 Pages Rostow’s theory of economic growth (or Rostovian take-off model), is historically one of the major models of economic growth. Published in 1960 by American economist Walt Whitman Rostow, the model dictates that economic growth occurs in five stages of fluctuating time periods. The five stages include 1) the traditional society, 2) the preconditions for take-off, 3) the take-off, 4) the drive to maturity, and finally, 5) the age of mass production. The following definitions were established by WaltRead MoreEconomic Growth Theories and Models, A section of a Research Paper1524 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature review Classical Theory of Economic Growth Harrod Domar Growth Model The Neoclassical growth Model Empirical literature 2.1 Theoretical Literature The long history of ideas on economic growth started from the classical economists like Adam Smith, Robert Malthus, Ricardo and Marx. For more than three decades the Neoclassical and the Endogenous Growth theories were arguing and forwarding economic reasons on trend of economic growth through investment as a general and private investmentRead MoreA Brief Note On The Growth Theory And The Dual Sector Model Of Economic Development Essay3646 Words   |  15 Pages ENDOGENOUS GROWTH THEORY BY MARTIN RIITHO MAINA KCA 14/02073 A Term Paper submitted to Prof. Joseph Ongeri in fulfilment Of the requirements for the course Advanced Macro-Economics, as credit towards the degree of Master of Science (Finance and Economics) KCA UNIVERSITY November, 2014 â€Æ' TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 Abstract.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†¦..3 1.1 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.........................................4 2.0 Literature review: Models†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreThe Growth Model And Economic Growth1072 Words   |  5 PagesEndogenous growth model, it clarifies long-run economic growth as radiating from economic activities that make new technological knowledge. Endogenous growth can be explained as long-run economic growth at a rate dictated by factors that are internal to the economic framework, especially those factors administering the opportunities and motivators to create technological knowl-edge. Over the long run, the pace of economic growth, as determined by the output per individual growth rate, reliesRead MoreNon Oil Export Case Study1021 Words   |  5 PagesSeveral studies have been carried out on non-oil export and economic growth both Nigeria and other countries. Some studies have positive relationship between non-oil export and economic growth while some have negative relationship between non-oil export and economic growth. Studies based on Nigerian data whose findings have positive relationship to economic growth are: Obadan (2000); Asanebi (2007); Onayemi and Ishola (2000); Ogbonna (2010); Ozoudo (2010); Opara (2010); Nwachukwu (2014) in allRead MoreThe Economic Theories Of Supply Side Economics1485 Words   |  6 PagesSupply-side economics is better known as Reaganomics, or the trickle-down economic policy. It is an economic philosophy that conveys the notion greater tax cuts for investors and entrepreneurs provide incentives to save and invest. This economic theory goes further to suggest that in turn, there are economic benefits which will trickle down into the overall economy. The key to answering whether supply side was successful is grounded in a sound understanding of what it is. Like most economic theories

Culture and Technology - Tools to Aid in Survival Essay

Culture and Technology - Tools to Aid in Survival Culture: â€Å"the predominating attitudes and behavior that characterize the functioning of a group†. Technology: â€Å"the body of knowledge available to a society that is of use in fashioning implements, practicing manual arts and skills, and extracting or collecting materials†. Technology aids in the functioning of a group: it is what enables â€Å"predominating attitudes and behavior† to be acted upon. Therefore, initially, a culture must provide incentive for the development/adoption of a technology. Once adopted, the technology must then be incorporated into the society, requiring cultural adjustments. Always, usefulness is the key determining factor. Cultural adjustments must be†¦show more content†¦The governments focused on the river, as well. In Egypt, Pharaohs devoted much time to digging new wells, constructing dams, and improving irrigation systems. This was because of the nature of the land: people needed water more than anything else. To fulfill this need was to gain their loyalty. Because of the scarcity of water, in many ways, an abundant supply of water came to be viewed as the ultimate luxury. There are many surviving pictures of formal Egyptian gardens, and descriptions of â€Å"hanging gardens† that were suspended above the ground. Pleasure gardens were everywhere, every country estate had a garden, and â€Å"the Pharaohs were horticultural connoisseurs. From their foreign campaigns they brought back exotic trees and plants to grow in their palace gardens or in the temples† (Drower, 543). While what initially began as a focus on agriculture necessitated by the bleak nature of the landscape developed into a strong cultural love of the practice, the valuing of farming practices was consistent throughout. It was this strong valuing that influenced what sorts of technologies flourished in Egypt. Let us return to what was said at the beginning: technology aids in the functioning of a group by enabling the continuation of â€Å"predominating attitudes and behavior†. For Egyptians, who valuedShow MoreRelatedAn Examination Of Native History866 Words   |  4 Pagesas one group, a single entity, to define thousands of years of multifaceted cultures, many of which have unfortunately been lost. Prior to European contact, many of these Native groups encompassing present day Canada to Mexico lived their lives ruled by political systems, a complex use of resources available, social stratification, and the creation of a vast array of tools and technology to further expand their cultures and populations. Many of these indigenous peoples with old world belief systemsRead MoreNew Era of Cyberpunk Literature Essay540 Words   |  3 PagesThrough years of advancements in the world, technology has become greatest aspect. The development of technology by incorporating the human mind and culture has brought about a new era. These are the criteria of cyberpunk literature, in which William Gibsons Johnny Mnemonic is a good example of cyberpunk literature. The novel reflects on how the human mind has been incorporated into the advanced technological world. This relates to cyberpunk literature because it follows the same ideas, butRead MoreDoes Technology Affect Our Way Of Life?1576 Words   |  7 Pagesis how does technology (most importantly ICT) influence our way of life*? In recent decades, mankind has experienced major changes in telecommunications technology, therefore changing how people behave within their environment. When it comes to lifestyle and our cultures, technological development and the products that resulted from them had in the past the primary function of making survival easier. 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I will express cultural relativism throughout this portion of the paper and will refrain from using opinionated or judgmental language. Prior to learning about these cultures I had preconceived thoughts about these cultures with little to no knowledge, not only from an etic perspective, butRead MoreTechnology: Beneficial or Harmful?1688 Words   |  7 PagesMichelle Sustayta Professor Elahi English 201 16 July 2013 Technology: Beneficial or Harmful? Throughout the vast history of humanity, humans have always used their innovative and cognitive skills to create tools to better improve their chances at survival on this planet. This technology advancement first began in the Stone Age when man fist discovered that stone could be utilized as both a harvesting tool and hunting weapon; which gradually developed into spears, bows and arrows, and swordsRead MoreMary Shelley s Frankenstein And The Modern Prometheus912 Words   |  4 Pagesmodern Prometheus that is Victor Frankenstein. 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His article is integral to the foundation of ‘New Archaeology’ because it gave a critical review of the short comings of a cultural historic approach, and provides suggestions of improvement that have been applied and even built upon in contemporaryRead MoreAndy Clarks Natural-Born Cyborgs Essay1185 Words   |  5 Pagesnot to be feared, either psychologically or morally. Clark offers several key concepts towards his line of reasoning. Clark argues that a human being thinks and reasons based on the biological brain and body dynamically linked with the culture and technological tools transparently accessible to the human. This form of thinking and reaso ning develops new quot;thinking systemsquot; that which over time become second nature thoughts and reasons and are the basis of even newer quot;thinking systemsRead MoreNanda and Warms, Bodley, Lee Study Guide1662 Words   |  7 Pagesentire book (including Appendix A and B) Videos:   â€Å"First Contact† â€Å"Bushmen of the Kalahari† â€Å"N!ai†Ã‚   Topics: Concept of culture- The learned, symbolic, at least partially adaptive and ever-changing patterns of behavior and meaning shared by members of a group. - Almost all behavior is learned - Cultural norms and values are shared by people - All Cultures change Pidgin English- A simplified language that develops as a means of communication between two or more groups of people that

Core Communication Competencies in Patient-Centered Care †Sample

Question: Discuss about the term for Core Communication Competencies in Patient-Centered Care. Answer: Introduction BSN in Nursing course teaches professional competence, such as Psychomotor, clinical diagnosis, and interpersonal communication skills, to extend patient-oriented care and system enhancement. Professional nursing must acquire these competencies, by recognizing the needs of the patients and their values, and strengthening rapport with the patients and their families, as well as the care providers. This is essential for enabling the nursing workforce to give patient focused care through prompt and proper communication. To achieve this efficacy, the nurses need to get trained in interprofessional cooperation, patient focused care, and informatics, which are the crucial systems of knowledge, skills and attitudes expected of a nurse. Health Communication Professional competence in nursing involves Psychomotor and clinical diagnostic skills, and also interpersonal and communication skills. In health, communication is what influences the health decisions of individuals and community. Therefore, such a communication becomes effectual, only through the learning and application of its strategies. Interpersonal communication skills A suitable communication that works therapeutically is considered as a skill, when it brings meaning to the care providers, and the patients as well, leading to their active participation in patient care. For this, the communication needs to be reciprocal with a flow of understanding between the recipient and provider. In nursing practice, a communication should become viable for evaluation, execution, cooperation, and environmental health. Patient-centered care Patient-centered care can be addressed by enhancing remodelling the system of health care with the aid of information technology, removing the barriers of communication and reducing environmental health risks of all parties related to health care, through advocacy and promoting healthy lifestyles. Informatics Informatics is the application of information and technology to manage communication in decision making and avoiding errors, for improving patient care. The skill in informatics involves computer literacy and management of health information, by which care can be combined and organized. Interprofessional collaboration Interprofessional collaboration skill ensures consistent and reliable quality health care, through effective and proactive nurse leadership in communication, while avowing to ethical practices and non-infringement of patient privacy rights. Communication Tools In order to have optimal patient-centered care, electronic health provision is implemented to impart quality health care through the interventions of health care professionals, by allowing the patients to access the Internet, telephone and other electronic gadgets. It improves health literacy through support groups, self- management health tools, and health records. Health Literacy Patients who have problems of health literacy are prone to reduced medical decision making efficiency, and increased rehospitalization. To combat this, health literacy is made a tool to improve patient healthcare, disease prevention, and health behaviors.. Medication The nurse professionals need to enhance communication and medication safety, as they are the major goals in a health care settings, to maintain patient-centered health care. Summary The graduate students of nursing must identify the health care needs of the patient through effective communication using knowledge, skills and attitudes. They should understand how to coordinate various elements of quality health care practice and how to collaborate with the health care professionals using communication skill effectively. Without jeopardizing patient care, they could improve the health care settings, by using the communication tools for better outcomes (Boykins, 2014). Reference Boykins, A. D. (2014). Core Communication Competencies in Patient-Centered Care. The ABNF Journal, 40-44

3D-Printing as a Revolutionary Step in Manufacturing

Question: Describe about the Report for 3D-Printing as a Revolutionary Step in Manufacturing. Answer: Introduction The human history has seen much revolutionary discovery and invention which have transformed the human life. Such discoveries have changed the human life invariably, one of such invention is the Internet,' and even the inventor wouldn't have imagined the implication of the technology. In the present time, 3D printing is gaining the traction and this emerging technology is set to disrupt the way things are manufactured currently (Birtchnell Urry 2016). The technology is set to have a profound impact on politics, economics, security and environment. This essay is designed to understand the impact of 3D printing on the life of normal human being and will help in understanding the various implications of the technology. For the ease of understanding the initial section explains the technology, followed by its impacts and finally the conclusion. 3D printing, a revolutionary step in manufacturing The 3D printing technology has been termed as disruptive technology by Petrick Simpson (2013 .pp:12). It has been aptly stated by the authors that the industrial revolution has created a disruption in the society through the introduction of machines which didn't only reduce the time of manufacturing but were also capable of producing materials at much faster rate. Similarly, the 3D printing technology will remove the dependencies on the supply chain and will move the power to the designer and the consumer removing all the mediators. On a similar note, Campbell et al. (2011) have presented the same trend with the advent of the 3D printing technology which will affect various aspects of the life ranging from economics, politics, environment, and security. Although Berman (2012) have agreed to the fact that the technology is the next industrial revolution but have presented the technology on a positive note, which stresses mostly on the advantages of the technology. The disruptive nature of the technology is because it totally changes the dynamics of the society and has a very deep impact on the citizens. Rayna Striukova (2014) have stated in their work that good planning is mandatory for any execution and have presented the impact of the technology on the business model innovation, thus helping in the creation of the structure based on the disruption that has been created due to the technology. It has also been stated that the employment that will be created for the designing the object and making are printable will also be significant. Furthermore, Garrett (2014) too have emphasized the importance of the strategic planning for the implementation of the technology so that its disruptive effects are nullified with proper planning. Hence it can be understood that the 3D printing technology is indeed disruptive in nature and if not implemented with proper planning in mind could prove disastrous to many aspects of the human life like the economy, policies, health, etc. In the previous section, the disruptive nature of the technology have been presented which affects many aspects of human life and the most important of them is unemployment created due to the change of roles. According to Rifkin (2012), the two industrial revolutions have created unemployment and with the third revolution on its way in the form of 3D printing is set to create more unemployment and distributed capitalism which will affect the rate of employment in the world. On a similar note Peters (2016) have expressed concern about the effect of 3D printing on the various economies around the world. It has been presented that the automation industry is continuously eating up the jobs of the country and to add to that 3D printing will totally destroy employment. A similar fear has been expressed by Weller Kleer Piller (2015) who have mentioned that 3D printing is a two-edged sword for the developing countries. Employment is extremely important for a country and to counter the effects of the various technology methods have been presented by several authors. According to Rifkin (2012), the previous industrial revolutions, on the one hand, has reduced the staffs on the factory premise but has created employment in the different areas thus creating a more sophisticated workforce, similar things will also result due to the advent of the newer technology, and for that the humanity should be well prepared with the necessary skills. The need of the well-trained personnel will increase with the technology and will generate employment in a different arena. The student will be benefitted most with the advent of the technology as it will help them understand the basics of the construction with extreme ease (Schelly et al. 2015). However, it should be borne in mind that the implementation of the technology will create dedicated job only for the skilled personnels. The ease of manufacturing with the help of the 3D printers have created a lot of issues regarding the security of the community as the technology can be used for the production of various products which can be used against the society. According to the report that has been published in The Guardian (2016), sophisticated weapon manufacturing facility has been unearthed during the raids across the Gold Coast. The main catch of the news is, the weapons were manufactured at the facility with the help of 3D printers. The advantages of such guns are many which include, lightweight, lethal, and are not detected by metal detectors. According to Lindstrom (2014), drones can also be created with the help of the printers which can be used in advanced warfare. Thus it can be easily seen that the 3D printing technology can be effectively used against the people or the country for harming them. Hence the use of the printers should be supervised to ensure the security of the subjects of the country . The security should be given the foremost priority among all to ensure the technology doesnt create an issue for the other citizens of the country. To ensure the maximum utilization of the resources, and avoiding the exploitation, the rules and the regulations of the land should be very strong and enforcing agencies should be well equipped to counter any contingency. According to Pierrakakis et al. (2014), the regulations around the world should be more stringent to ensure information doesn't land up in the wrong hands. The issues with the technology are also very different as the files containing the information of the manufacturing is more necessary compared to the infrastructure thus making the act of prevention more difficult compared to the physical objects. A similar fear has been expressed by Little (2013), who have shared that the 3D printing technology should not be made public as the security implications will surely create a disaster in the society as the gun control law w ont be very effective with its implementation. Hence it is highly recommended that the technology should not be made public as it is not yet mature and the laws of the land should be well prepared for the implication of technology. Conclusion In this report, a detailed discussion has been presented to understand the 3D printing technology and its impact on society. For this study, the various aspects of the technology have been scrutinized and have been presented for a better understanding of the technology. In the following section the disadvantages of the technology have been presented, which are its disruptive nature, unemployment rates, environmental impact, security, etc. and finally the recommendation has been offered in each section to contain the technology for future and simultaneously create the workforce depending upon the technology to reduce its negative effects, which will not only allow a healthy environment for all but will also help in creation of healthy technology with everyone in mind. References Birtchnell, T. Urry, J., 2016.A New Industrial Future?: 3D Printing and the Reconfiguring of Production, Distribution, and Consumption. Routledge. Petrick, I.J. Simpson, T.W., 2013. 3D printing disrupts manufacturing: how economies of one create new rules of competition.Research-Technology Management,56(6), pp.12-16. Campbell, T., Williams, C., Ivanova, O. Garrett, B., 2011. Could 3D printing change the world? Technologies, Potential, and Implications of Additive Manufacturing, Atlantic Council, Washington, DC. Berman, B., 2012. 3-D printing: The new industrial revolution.Business Horizons,55(2), pp.155-162. Rayna, T. Striukova, L., 2014. The impact of 3D printing technologies on business model innovation. InDigital Enterprise Design Management(pp. 119-132). Springer International Publishing. Garrett, B., 2014. 3D printing: new economic paradigms and strategic shifts.Global Policy,5(1), pp.70-75. Rifkin, J., 2012. The third industrial revolution: How the internet, green electricity, and 3-d printing are ushering in a sustainable era of distributed capitalism.World Financial Review,1, pp.4052-4057. Peters, M.A., 2016. Technological unemployment: Educating for the fourth industrial revolution. Weller, C., Kleer, R. and Piller, F.T., 2015. Economic implications of 3D printing: market structure models in light of additive manufacturing revisited.International Journal of Production Economics,164, pp.43-56. Schelly, C., Anzalone, G., Wijnen, B. and Pearce, J.M., 2015. Open-source 3-D printing technologies for education: Bringing additive manufacturing to the classroom.Journal of Visual Languages Computing,28, pp.226-237. Lindstrom, G., 2014. Why Should We Care about 3-D Printing and What Are Potential Security Implications?.Geneva Centre for Security Policy, Policy Paper,6, p.2014. Pierrakakis, K., Kandias, M., Gritzali, C. and Gritzalis, D., 2014. 3D Printing and its regulation dynamics: The world in front of a paradigm shift. InProc. of the 6th International Conference on Information Law and Ethics. Little, R.K., 2013. Guns Don't Kill People; 3D Printing Does: Why the Technology Is a Distraction from Effective Gun Controls. Hastings LJ,65, p.1505.

The Hopi Prophecy Essay Example For Students

The Hopi Prophecy Essay The Hopi people are a strong people. They have many beliefs about life, and the way that one should live. Some people may see the Hopi as ethnocentric. I argue that ethnocentrism is not the driving force of the Hopi, but their culture and heritage has shaped them to be the proud people they are. In this paper I plan to examine the Hopi people, some of their unusual beliefs, and the prophecy that leads the Hopi nation to live in the way of the Hopi. Hopi Indians refer to themselves as Hopitu The Peaceable People, Hopi also means good, peaceful, or wise. They come from a group of Southwestern people called Pueblo. According to the Hopi they consist of the descendants of various groups that entered the country from the north, the east, the south, and the west. Their ancestors, the Anasazi, appear to have been related to the Aztecs of Mexico, and may have arrived in their current location five to ten thousand years ago. Although related to the people of the various pueblos of the east the Hopi people never had a single group identity. The Hopi nation was actually independent villages that held similar beliefs of basic culture and of the sacred with the Zuni and other pueblos, while differing in language. The Hopi language is of the Uto-Aztecan language base. We will write a custom essay on The Hopi Prophecy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Hopi creation myths detail the Hopis ascent to the world that we occupy. In this myth the Hopi people and animals lived underground. The earth was in a state of darkness above and below the earth. The Hopi people living below the earth grew tired of the cramped space and filth that accompanies a large amount of people living in overcrowded conditions. After many complaints two brothers (one older and one younger) went to the priest chiefs of the caves and asked if there was a way that they could help the people out of the squalor. The priest chiefs answered enigmatically let it be tried and seen, the brothers then replied, then it shall be well, by our will it shall be well . I interpreted this part of the story to mean the brothers had a plan, shared the plan with the priest chiefs, and received his blessings to carry on. It seemed that this interpretation would make the next part of this story seem more plausible. After getting the priest chiefs approval the Hopi brothers punch ed a hole in the bottom of their cave and climbed through to the lowest level of caves where the people lived in despair. They then planted many plants to find a plant that would be strong enough for the other Hopis to climb and ascend to the next cave world. They found the best plant for this was the cane plant because of its durability and the joints that it has on its body. The cane grew tall and eventually grew through the roof of the first cave to the floor of the second. The brothers lead the people up the cane to the second world. As the people filled the second cave they grew afraid that if too many people came they would fill the second cave as they had the first so, they shook the people below them off of the cane plant and pulled it out of the ground. It is said that the people that were left behind in the lower cave eventually escaped the lower cave to be the brothers of the Hopi that came to the Hopi from the west. After the Hopi stayed on the second world, they again c ame to a point where the cave filled. The brothers repeated their previous task and lead the people to the third world. Upon entering the third world those who were slow to climb were left behind. The ascent to the third world caused many problems for the Hopi people. The women went insane and didnt care for their children, and the people grew tired of living in the darkness and were anxious to find an escape from this foreign place. The brothers then lead the people to the fourth world. On the fourth world they were faced with evil and death. After conquering these things the people learned to live on this world. The Hopi cosmology myth is much more in depth. It details many things like how the people got fire, the sun and moon, the animal guides, and witches. It teaches the Hopi lessons on how to confront death, the importance of every creature in the larger scheme of existence and the sacredness of the world. The Hopi peoples cosmology holds great importance to many scholars. Not only for the accurateness that it has been told with but also for the similarities it holds to other cultures. On culture that the Hopi cosmology parallels is that of the Sumerians. The Hopi people have a few unusual beliefs. The belief that I found to be the most intriguing was their belief in aliens and UFOs. In a time where the acceptance of UFOs and aliens are trendy the Hopi have been forerunners of this belief. The Hopi believe that the ant people who helped them underground are similar to what the rest of the world thinks are aliens. They also believe that there are two types of aliens. One type is a type sent here to help us, and the other type is renegade aliens that have enlisted in with the United Nations to cause mass destruction. The Hopi call the aliens sent here to help them the blues, or star warriors. In the Hopi prophecy it predicts that on the Day of Purification the tribes faithful will be lifted to other planets. They say that on that day, all wicked people and wrong-doers will be punished or destroyed, and they watch and wait for the UFOs that will take them to the other planets when this happens. In an article in the Prescott Daily Courier the former chief Katchongva was quoted as saying, that we (the Hopi) believe other planets are inhabited and that our prayers are heard there. The arrow on which the dome-shaped object rests stands for travel through space. The Hopi maiden on the dome-shaped drawing represents purity. Those Hopi who survive Purification Day will travel to other planets. We, the faithful Hopi have seen the ships and know they are true. The legend that the chief refers to in this article is inscribed on an ancient rock carving near Mishongnovi, AZ. It depicts a dome-shaped saucer ob ject and maiden. Elders in the Hopi community have said they perceive UFOs as having a direct connection with the old petroglyph drawing and the foretelling of visitors from space who arrive for the Day of Purification. The Chief will never know if his interpretation of the petroglyph was correct. He has been missing since the early nineteen seventies. He disappeared after going out to research the increasing number of UFO sightings in the valley near the Hopi reservation. Chief Katchongva is not the only Hopi that has disclosed this belief. Thomas Banacacya on of the only Hopis given permission to translate the Hopi Prophecies to English and Robert Morningsky a Hopi activist have also made public this information. .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753 , .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753 .postImageUrl , .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753 , .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753:hover , .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753:visited , .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753:active { border:0!important; } .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753:active , .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753 .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf703ccac8ca9f7d6206b1e946db92753:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Communism In The U.S. EssayThe Hopi people believe that they posses a precious stone that foretells the narrative of human existence from the ancient times to the far-reaching future. The accounts of what this stone prophesizes varies little because of the scrupulous method of oral tradition that the Hopi people practice. When speaking to Elders of the Hopi community, Art Bell a radio host asked the Hopi how old the prophecies were, The Hopi Elders stated that they were unsure of the exact age of the prophecies but they knew that the prophecy came before Christ. The Hopi method of retaining accuracy in their prophecy is very rigid. They gather once or twice a year in their kivas to refresh everyones memory of the prophecies, and to safeguard against people adding new things to the prophecy. This commit to maintaining Native American culture is one of the reasons the Hopi are considered the record keepers of the Native Americans. The Hopi prophecy like any prophecy begins with a story. Long ago the Great Spirit came to the people of the earth. He told them of the cycles that the earth would go through. The cycles were the cycle of the rock, the cycle of the plant, the cycle of the animal, and the cycle of the human. Today we are living in the cycle of the animal coming close to the end of this cycle and passing into the cycle of the human. Before we get to the cycle of the human many things will happen that will test us, many hardships will occur and many people will die. According to the Hopi all of these things could have been avoided had we as humans come together and lived peacefully. The prophecy tells us at one time we were all of the same land. This seems very plausible because science is proving everyday that we are all more similar than different, as we previously believed. The prophecy speaks of many things. I will detail the things that I found most intriguing. The predictions in the Hopi Prophecies span the time from the beginning of this age to the end, with a vast portion of the predictions focusing on the end-times. The frequency of occurrences of end-time-related predictions has increased in the past ninety years, bringing us into the final stages, the time of purification. It is during this period where it is imperative for us to recognize the futility of war and recognize all races and all colors are our brothers and sisters. It is also a time to bring the misuse of the technology and industrialization back into balance with nature and the earth. If we dont do this ourselves, Martin Clashweonoma, the Hopi Prophecy Keeper, warns that Mother Earth will do it for us. He says, Mother Earth will survive with or without the two-leggeds (humans). The Hopi speak of four ages through which man has evolved. In each age, people started in perfect balance with the earth, the Creator and each other. But by the end of each age, they had turned awa y from nature laws and spiritual principles. The first age was destroyed by earthquakes, the second age by an ice age and the third age, by a flood. The third age is very interesting because it seems to fall in the same time period of flood myths from many different civilizations. We are now approaching the end of yet another age with the earth out of balance and its people in disregard of spiritual principles. Each of these past three ages seems to have been trial runs for humans to work through what they needed to learn. This current age, the fourth age, is the final phase. According to the Hopi, the highest and greatest powers that we have will be released to us in this new age, which they refer to as the age of the human. At the Continental Indigenous Congress in 1986, Lee Brown, a Native American spiritual leader, explained how the Hopi came to be in possession of these tablets and the assignment that went along with them. At the beginning of this age, the Creator separated the people into four colors and gave each race a primary teaching. At the end of this age, these four races are to come back together and share their teachings. It is believed that when they come back together with each other, they will share these so that everyone can live and have peace on earth. Lee Brown describes how each tablet was handed out in the beginning times, He says Hes gave each race two stone tablets and warned them not to cast them on the earth because not only would human beings have a hard time but almost all the Earth itself would die. So Hes gave each of us a responsibility and we call that the Guardianship. To the Indian people, the red people, Hes gave the Guardianship of the earth. We were to learn during this cycle of time the teachings of the earth, the plants that grow from the earth, the foods that you can eat, and the herbs that are healing so that when we came back together with the other brothers and sisters we could share this knowledge with them. Something good was to happen on the earth. To the South, Hes gave the yellow race of people the Guardianship of the wind. They were to learn about the sky and breathing and how to take that within ourselves for spiritual advancement. They were to share that with everyone at this time. To the West, Hes gave the black race of people the Guardianship of the water. They were to learn the teachings of the water, which is the chief of the elements, being the most humble and the most powerful. To the North, Hes gave the white race of people the Guardianship of the fire. If you look at the center of many of the things they do, you will find the fire. The fire consumes, and also moves. This is why it was the white brothers and sisters who began to move upon the face of the Earth and reunite us as a human family.The Hopi keep their tablets on their reservation where they have been reciting these teachings to their people for thousands of years. However, it has only been during the 20th century that the existence and the location of the other tablets have been verified. The tablets for the black race are kept at the base of Mt. Kenya by the Kikuyu Tribe. The Tibetans keep the stone tablets for the yellow race. For the white people, the Hopi believe their tablets are in Switzerland. It was interesting to note that each of these people happen to be people who live in the mountains. The biggest problem facing us today is that the peoples of the Earth have not come together, recognizing each other as kin. We continue to fight and attempt to rule the Earth. Because of this, we have entered into what the Hopi refer to as the end-times, a time of three great shakings designed to shake us to our senses. Many of the prophecies relate these end-times and the time of purification. The first two shakings correlate with the two world wars, and each was followed by an opportunity to bring peace. But the elders knew that peace would not come on the Earth until the circle of humanity was complete, until all the four colors sat in the circle, recognized each other as brothers and sisters, and shared the wisdom of their Guardianships. Only then would peace come on the earth. .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896 , .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896 .postImageUrl , .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896 , .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896:hover , .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896:visited , .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896:active { border:0!important; } .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896:active , .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896 .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5840f69b574a5d0b8c6ca608d2e5e896:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Ferdinand Porsche EssayWhen the League of Nations was formed after World War I and again when the United Nations was formed after World War II, the Hopi along with other indigenous peoples asked admittance to these meetings. Sadly, they were turned away, thus ensuring that peace would not prevail. This fulfills another prophecy of the Hopi about the House of Mica. Mica means glass. The United Nations is housed in a glass building, and the Hopi prophecy predicts that the Hopi will be turned away from the House of Mica. It assures the Hopi that they will be heard by a few leaders, but at first their pleadings will fall on deaf ears. The prophecies state that if peace were not found after the second shaking, time would speed up. Men would turn themselves into women and women would turn themselves into men. The eagle would go to the moon. Grandchildren would have no time for their grandparents and parents would have no time for their children. But the sign indicating that the third great shaking was upon us, the culmination of the end-times, would be when people went to live in the sky. This sign would indicate that the time for purification had come. So now, we are approaching the final shaking. At this time the Purifier will appear from the East. When the tablets were passed down at the beginning of this age, there were two brothers. The older brother went off to the sun. When he reached the place where the sun rose, he was to touch his head down to the ground and wait until a time of crisis. Then he would be called back by his younger brother Re. Re is known as the Purifier, the one who possesses the knowledge to help us to understand how to come together as one and to defeat the ones who are going to come from the West bringing about World War III. The prophecies do state that it will only take this one being to turn everything around. It will take only the one with the true heart and the humble way.Lee Brown said, If we could stop the racial and religious disharmony, we would not have to go through this third shaking. The elders say the chance of that is pretty slim. But they say what we can do is we can cushion it. The word we use is cushion. We can cushion it so it wont be quite as bad. How do we do this? We do this by sharing the teaching that will reunite us. Dan Evehema, one of the Hopi elders who addressed the United Nations in 1992, concurs that most Hopi expect the transition to the next age to be a rough one. However, the degree of upheaval will be determined by the degree of inequity among the peoples of the world and the balance of nature. Human beings may still lessen the violence by correcting their treatment of nature and fellow human beings. Martin tells us to pray. He says In order to fix these things, we need to get together in our heads and in our minds, through our prayers. So dont forget to do your prayers at home so we will be able to eliminate some of the disasters, which are taking place. Through our prayers we may help Mother Nature to have leniency on us. We as people are not perfect in many ways we have done wrong at some time in our lives. But we have to keep praying.WE HAVE THE POWER TO CHANGE OUR DESTINYThe Hopi believe that the level of disharmony within their community reflects the disharmony within the Earth and the Universe as a whole. Martin states: Even the elders went astray from these teachings. We have now created chaos. I am going to tell you that from earlier times to now, we have done away with our intentions, with what we needed to do and to have done. Now we dont love each other anymore. We dont care about the next door neighbor.The Hopi believe that we can change the Earth if we can manage to rebalance our communities. We can change events on Earth by purifying ourselves. The more we purify ourselves through meditation, through forgiving others who have hurt us, by loving those who do not love us, and by seeing the God in all of nature, the more impact we will have on the planetLee Brown stated: The Hopi in their prophecies say there will be a religion that comes here. Maybe it will be a true religion and bring unity, or maybe it will not be true and not bring unity. If it does not bring unity, a second religion will come, and the people of this religion are known in the Hopi language as the people of light or glory. Weve been waiting for these people for a long time. They say they will bring a teaching that will unite the Earth.Studying the Hopi Prophecy has enlightened me in many ways. Their teachings have shown me the sacredness of the earth and all things that occupy it. The prophecies not only touched me but the scared me. To read them is to see the error of human existence for many centuries. I found that their prophecies correspond and expand upon many secular teachings. Jesus, Buddha, and Mohammed have all spoken of the mass destruction that humans cause when they let go of the spiritual. Personally I am taking their teachings to heart. I have changed they way in, which I pray. I am praying now for peace not only in my life but also in the whole world. Many of their teachings seem to have come to pass, and it will be interesting to see if the rest are shown to be true. I only hope that others will see these prophecies before it is too late to cushion the inevitable blow that human kind will face. In conclusion, I can only urge others to compare the prophecies with teachings from all over the world, to investigate the truth that lies within the teachings, and to take a serious look inside of them so that they can become able to change the perilous course that our earth is currently taking. Bibliography:WORK CITEDAllen, Don. Blues (Star Warriors). 1992http://www.the.net/para/alien_races/blues.htm Jones, Morgan. BIG MOUNTAIN RESISTANCE!. 1999http://www.mindspring.com/what/bigmtn5.htmlMorganas Observatory. The Prophecies of the Hopi People. 1997-2000http://www.dreamscape.com/morgana/pan.htm#EMERGEMorganas Observatory. Chief Dan Evehemas Message to Humankind. 1997-2000http://www.dreamscape.com/morgana/telesto.htmSchultheiss, Ruedi. The Hopi Prophecy, Prophecy for Our Future.1994http://www.v-j-enterprises.com/hopi.htmlHopi Prophecy. http://www.welcomehome.org/rainbow/prophecy/hopi1.htmlMorningsky, Robert. Parallels Between the Hopi and Sumerian Culturehttp://www.dreamscape.com/morgana/parallel.htmBrown, Lee. North American Indian (Hopi) Prophecies. 1986http://www.welcomehome.org/rainbow/prophecy/hopi2.htmlTechqua Ikachi. PROPHECY ROCK OR LIFE PLAN Issue Number 37. http://www.hinduismtoday.kauai.hi.us/ashram/Resources/Hopi/issue_37.htmlBanacacya, Thomas. Thomas Banacacya Talks about the Hopi Prophecy. http://www.welcomehome.org/rainbow/prophecy/bayanaca.htmlHopi Elders on the Art Bell Radio Show. 1998. http://www.crystalinks.com/hopi2.html

TRADE AND ENVIRONMENT Essays - Economy, International Trade

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The Decline of Spain - Essay Example This has been revealed that a major cause behind this decline was, during 1588 to 1598, Philips foreign ventures and his overseas policies that affected Spains economy in a very bad manner.2 Bankruptcy led Philip’s overseas ventures to an end, along with the Armada, that caused a major impact on Spains morale. Trade industry was developed between Europe and America in era of 1500 and 1600 century. Supplies made from America were the major reason of problems for Spain. As per experts of the field, the trade within Spain was not suitably regulated. They built poor relations between other nations due to a poor leadership; all these made grounds for loss of wealth for Spain. Moreover, the leadership within Spain also lacked essential economic qualities. On the other hand, France was continuously supplied by the resources from the US due to its positive and well- regulated trade policies. France economy was greatly improved due to its finance minister, Colbert, who pursued mercantilist policies and followed the trade policies implemented by the king. Colbert was the main person behind considerably improved economy of France; he encouraged farming, mining and other necessary industries, and also established highly money- making businesses. More can be learnt through further reading and research on this topic. The economic decline of Spain became worse due to reduced farming and commerce after starting trade with American colonies. 3 Spain could not maintain good relations with England due to which Queen Elizabeth permitted her army to invade Spanish treasure Ships. Then bad leadership also resulted in more loss of wealth as a result of costly wars which resulted in high inflation that became worse due to American gold and silver. France established its trade with overseas colonies. On the other hand, Spain could not take full advantage out of its colonies present in America. Main reasons

Fracking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fracking - Essay Example Fracking possess various significant and equally distinctive feature that portrays the mechanism endeavor towards sustainability as discussed below. Stance 1 Sustainability of the environment refers to the ability of human activities to safeguard the existence of other organisms. Additionally, business practices must also foster the longevity of both the business and the practice. The cost implications of fracking portray it as an economical mining process that fosters profitability of companies. Fracking for example uses readily available resources key among which is water and sand to operate. The process mixes sand and water before pumping them at high pressure into the wellbores thereby creating long narrow fractures through which the natural resources such as natural gases and oil flow to the surface, the pressurized solution denser than the crude oil and therefore settles to the bed of the oil wells thus forcing the oil out (Brasch 21). The mining process is preferred in rocky r egions. The pressure mechanism propels the solution at higher capable of either perforating or disintegrating the rocks thereby creating the small paths for the flow of the crude oil from the wells. This makes the processes useful in nearly every well including those that have remained operational for some time. As mining into such well continue, the level of the oil in the wells deplete. In order to confirm the depletion of the reserves, fracking is necessary in breaking the earth crust in an investigative process as the miners seek to test the depth of the wells (Uberoi 54). In most cases, the perforation of the earth’s crust results in the discovery of more oil thereby sustaining the longevity of the business. The mining process has presented other viable gas extraction process that seeks to safeguard the safety and longevity of the naturally existing resources. Unlike the conventional mining process including drilling, multi staged drilling presents the opportunity to ext ract the highly valuable resources from the earth’s surface without causing major disruptions to the earth surface. A type of fracking known as multi stage fracturing facilitate the development of shale gas among other light tight oil production in such great economies as the united states. This way, the process has therefore proven an economic viability. Stance 2 Among the sustainability interfaces include ecological practices. This includes environmental protection and environmental resource management. Sustainability therefore compels the consideration of both social and environmental of an economic activity. Oil prospecting is a labor-intensive activity that has various implications on both the society and the environment (Clayton and Nicholas 31). Fracking as a mining method presents various economic advantages that makes the process preferred by many operators in the industry. The process requires less labor than other conventional mining methods besides its other advan tages that contribute to the efficiency of the method. However, opponents of the method have sighted various negative environmental implications that the mining process has thereby casting doubt on the use of the method in mining. As discussed earlier, a sustainable process must have positive implications on b

Crash Movie Analysis

Crash Movie Analysis Paul Haggis In 2004 wrote and directed the award winning movie Crash concerning a variety of intertwine experiences concerning racial relations and the levels of socioeconomic status of the varied cast of characters. This movie deal with how humans being contract with actual life situations and tackles how racial injustices and stereotypes effect our society by sourcing a division of customs, disregarding civil and human rights, and representation how racism can source cultural, moral, and economical distress. This comprehensive essay will deal with the cinematic constituents utilized right through the film, and offer a critical examination on the variety of components and methods utilized to generate this powerful and compelling film. Crash is a film that engages more than a few diverse stories and plots that all direct to somehow hook up the characters to each other in a sequence of incidents that occur throughout 2 days in California. America’s ever- rising melting pot is particularly signified in the movie as the viewers are introduced to a black detective of LAPD, two mischievous black car thieves, a white district lawyer and his discriminative wife, a white racist hit cop and his trainee partner, a black director of Hollywood and his wife, an furious owner of Persian shop and his family, and a blue-collar Hispanic man and his adolescent susceptible daughter. The characters unconnected yet interlinking stories were an extremely distinctive and efficient technique utilized to narrate this story in a provoking and extremely appealing manner. The theme of the movie is connected to the variety of features of prejudice. The mainly invasive theme is racism. The white copwhose father lost his janitorial business owing to special affirmative action practicesis fuming at African-Americans. A youthful African-American carjacker spurts the provocative Black Power expression of the 1970s. Stereotyping is an additional subject in the movie. For instance, the white wife of DA’s supposes the locksmith of being a member of gang since of his background. The conflict of cultures is demonstrated by the owner of Iranian store who construes the well-meant comments of the locksmith regarding a dented door as a shake-down for additional money. The subject of class difference is discovered in the distinction of characters. For instance, the African-American director and his wife are higher class in expressions of income and education even as the African-American police officer has afforded his means into a middle-class work and his bro ther a criminal and his mother is a drug addict. The DA’s wife, who exists in the well-off area of Brentwood of Los Angeles, is continuously grumbling in relation to her housekeeper/nanny, a stressed Latina. Cruelty is an additional idea investigated in the movie: a police officer sexually disgraces a naive woman, an HMO envoy erratically deny services to a anguish man, an annoyed man acquires a gun to obtain revenge in opposition to an naive man he believes has offended him, and an additional man is occupied in the contemporary slave trade. In actual fact, the occurrence of people’s cruelty is maybe the majority constant pattern. The stereotyping in opposition to one another is their incorrect beliefs regarding people; particularly about the diverse race (Sole, 2011).On the other hand, nevertheless, the movie as well encloses images of people’s humankind in addition, as the housekeeper approaches to the assistance of her employer, the police officer dangers his life to save the same woman he battered, and the carjacker confers up a prospect to sell a people van-load into slavery. Everybody engaged in the making of this movie added to the cinematic experience. In Crash The preponderance of the actors were most well-known and noticeable celebrities in Hollywood, for instance Sandra Bullock, Matt Dillon, Don Cheadle, and Terrence Howard. These movie stars sneakily carried the film with their sparkling performances and dramatic ability as they naturally contrived in the course of each scene with ease. The realism depicted by the actors fetched to life their characters and in spite of the susceptible and insecure topics in the movies they manage to fetch every character to life, give them their individual exclusive and separate personalities. In the movie the sound employed a contemporary dialogue and advanced every scene from an additional modern viewpoint. When slang terms were required by the characters it emerged to be utilized in a means that prepared the audience understand and narrate, for instance the dialogues amid the two black car thieves as they speak to each other by means of a apparently offensive word in the expression â€Å"nigger.† The country western and hip hop music being played and conversed by the two car thieves are important to the film since they indicate how music plays a large element in defining race and underlining a lot of diverse stereotypes. The songs that were element of the film soundtrack are played at instants that were important to the scene. The outstanding acting was not the merely perceptible constituent that let this award winning movie to connect the viewer. The movie begins with the out of focus shots of the car headlights which might perhaps be setting up the viewers to observe that the film characters will not be what they appear and might as well lack spotlight right through the movie as well. The cinematography about the preponderance of the movie is delicate as the director choose to spotlight additional on close-ups and the rare feelings on the actor’s expressions and faces. There are extremely few scenes where several action is essential to bear the film, however the scenes that do include action, for instance the carjacking attempted of character of Terrence Howard’s, Cameron, and the resulting chase of police in the course of Los Angeles, it was steady with the storyline and essential to the on the whole plot. The viewpoint shots that were utilized in the movie bring the observers additional i nto the action of the movie and decreased the space between the characters and audience. This permitted the a variety of stereotypes and depictions of the characters to turn out to be additional pronounced, and although a few of the stereotypes were a bit decorated as it relates to society of present, the implied realism was in reality deeply influential. Even though the in the film Crash cinematography is rather basic consecutively to spotlight additional on the acting, storylines, and on the whole subject matter of the movie, the editing of the movie is so elaborate that it is roughly offering the feeling of little movies in a movie as the scenes leap from every storyline. In the majority films the cinematography can effectively append credibility to the plot and development of character, letting a movie to have radiant construction and sensual detail. In Crash there are not numerous special effects, or contrasting lighting designs that have any minor effect on the appearance or sense of the movie. The film has several instants of low key lighting and the scene is mostly developed with the urban scenery of modern Los Angeles. Conclusion Stereotypes are not vague since they are all fake, other than since they are habitually surrogated for real depictions of individuals and experiences of life. Crash is capable to deal with a few stereotypes in a way that is interesting, yet thinking provoking by means of constituents designed to generate art in the course of cinema. The means this movie deals with societal prejudices and racism goes past the criticism we might be familiarized to in this age of conventional media and social networking openings, where anybody is capable to sight a huge selection of colorful social comments in addition to liberally express their free opinions. Other than the cinematic constituents used right through this movie, for instance location, the sound, movement of camera, editing, lighting, soundtrack, and the majority prominently the acting, radiantly contributed to the intersect storylines that modestly permitted the viewers to take a deep glimpse into their individual covert prejudices. References Haggis, P. (Writer Director). (2004). Crash [Motion Picture]. (Lions Gate Entertainment). Harris, Philip; Olson, Aaron; Levine, Deena; Shusta, Robert and Wong, Herbert. (1995). Multicultural Law Enforcement. 28-110 Sole, K. (2011). Making connections: Understanding interpersonal communication. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc. (https://content.ashford.edu)

Restaurant Management Essay -- Running Restaurant Managing Essays

Restaurant Management   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Running a restaurant can be one of the most stressful jobs as well as the most fun and rewarding jobs. If the manager is a good leader with excellent leadership skills and has great followers the restaurant will be rewarded. If not the restaurant will plummet in sales and no one will be pleased. While developing a business. staff is important to running a successful restaurant, it is also essential that management focus on its public relations as well as its sales and marketing strategies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Staff developing is vital for restaurants to run smoothly. A restaurant is composed of two sectors; a Front of House (FOH) and theirs a Back of House (BOH). The front of the house is what is visible to the customers? eye. Customers can not see the back of the house. Back of the house is where cooks prepare the food and where the dishwasher is located. Manager Brian Aycock explained that if a manager develops his staff, it makes the restaurant run smooth. The store will profit, the employees and the guest will be satisfied (Aycock). If the staff is not getting along, a lot of tension will grow inside the restaurant and co-workers will not work with one another as a team. In return the customers will not be happy and the profit will not be as desirable. When customers are not happy with the visit they had at the restaurant, they will then spread the word to all their friends.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Each staff member of the restaurant should have nice and clean hygiene along with good manners. Having good hygiene is very important whether an employee is waiting tables, washing dishes, or cooking. If an employee does not shower friction will start to grow between the staff and no one would like to work or even be around that employee. Working in the food service industry with overgrown nails or dirty nails is against the health code and could contaminate the food being prepared by the employee. Being around a customer with bad hygiene could possibly hinder the customer from having a memorable time at the restaurant. Having good manners is also mandatory for every staff member so that no problems can surface between the staff and customers. Steve Marchetti explained that each employee are to meet the minimal standards set forth in the employee handbook and also deliver on the company?s commitment to their customers (Marchetti). A restaurants commitment... ...ded once they see that the sales will be increasing and tips will be larger. Good staff will increase good public relations which will result in better business. Marketing a restaurant is the most important part in running a restaurant. If a restaurant is not marketed, no one will know about the restaurant causing it to lose money to operate forcing it to close down. Prices on the menu should always be appealing to the restaurant target market and set towards the products on the menu. It is essential that a restaurant develops its staff to the fullest, for a strong staff creates better sales and the public is pleased .   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Works Cited Aycock, Brian. Restaurant Management. Wilmington, NC. 10 February 2005. Marchetti, Steve. Restaurant Management. Wilmington, NC. 9 February 2005. Marketing Strategy. Internet Center for Management and Business Administration, INC. 24   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  January 2005, . Stone, Bob. Successful Direct Marketing Methods. Lincolnwood, Illinois: NTC Business   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Books, 1989. The Sample Business Plan. Kundo Inc. 27 January 2005.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  . Wasserman, Michael. 15 Techniques When Dealing With Customers. My Success Company.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  25 January 2005. .

Evolution of Folk Music

The Evolution of Folk Music Almost all of the music that we hear today can be traced back in one way or another to folk music. The evolution of folk music is rich in history and it is easy to see how the current events and the times created the changes that were to occur. Folk music got its roots from Anglo-American Folk Music and later evolved into what was known as the blues and continues to influence much of the music that is written to this day. Many artists have had major impacts on the music industry some of which are Bob Dylan, Woody Guthrie, Pete Seeger, Bessie Smith, Ma Rainey, Muddy Waters and B.B. King. Their individual styles were essential in the evolution of music. By taking a closer look at Anglo-American Folk Music and each of these artists we will be able to understand the role that each of them played in their specific genres. Anglo-American Folk Music occurred during the time that the original thirteen colonies were being created. It got its start from what was cal led Psalmody which is the rendering of the 150 psalms of the Old Testament; however they were present in the form of songs. Psalmody is one of the oldest traditions of western music.Psalm tunes were carried over from the old world through the found of the colonies by the English and Dutch. They were often kept in a psalter which is a book that contained psalm tunes. Pilgrims were the first to bring psalters to Plymouth when they arrived in 1620. The religious reform in the 16th century that started in Europe had the greatest impact on the subject matter of Anglo-American Folk Music which was mainly focused on communicating religious matters. Over the course of 100 years we find that two different styles of communicating the old testaments.One of those was in the written format and the other was in what was called â€Å"the usual way† which was through oral communication. The oral tradition is where the Anglo-American Folk style evolved from. It involved what was called  "lining out† which is basically one person singing or reciting lines of psalm tunes. There were many critics of the oral tradition who said that there was not enough variation in the tunes and that there were too many changes in pace. The answer to these criticisms was found in singing school during the American Revolution here we see an increase in the musical abilities of our new nation. Of course these schools mainly resided in more highly populated areas. Out in the country you would often find what were called singing masters and composers who often were no more than just common people like craftsmen or small business owners. It was in these singing masters that we found a return to the lack of variation in tunes which was given the name â€Å"strophic form† which simple means that the music is the same for all lines. Strophic form is very common in folk music.The American folk singer Woody Guthrie lived from 1912 to 1967. Woody grew up in Oklahoma and decided to t ravel out to California during the great depression in hopes of finding better opportunities. However, all he found was more heartache. The economy in California was no better than the rest of the United States. Many of Guthrie’s songs reflect the trials and tribulations of the people he met in his life and of his own life. He is one of the few artists that was truly able to connect to the common people in ways that other artists could not.His music is about the things that happen in people’s everyday lives. He sings about people packing up and looking for better opportunities in other places. His music also varied in its tone. Some of his songs are upbeat and cheerful while others have a more sobering tone to them. In addition to singing and performing Guthrie also had a passion for writing. It is said that he made use of his G. I. bill after the war and attended a college where he took philosophy and writing along with a few other classes. However, he decided to drop out before he finished because he decided he needed to hit the road.Woody Guthrie was unique in his style and lyrics. He never felt the need to alter his style in order to fit in with the changing fads. His style is the epitome of what folk music should sound like. We often hear him make use of the strophic form in his songs. He was an inspiration to many musicians that followed him, which included the well known Bob Dylan. Guthrie enjoyed working with other musicians as well like Pete Seeger. Many folk singers including Woody Guthrie had strong political views which often came through in their lyrics.Much of folk music emerged during times when people felt that government was being unfair in the way the common people were being treated and that changes needed to be made in order to bring equality back. I think this is perhaps the one commonality that many folk singers had in common when it came to their music and what was driving their lyrics. Guthrie, Seeger and Dylan were all ve ry popular during times of war which had major affects on their careers and the choices they made. A fellow folk artist who Guthrie was known to perform with from time to time is Pete Seeger.Like Guthrie, Seeger was another folk activist who often sang songs that called for changes in political matters and more equality for the common people. The Almanac Singers was the name of the band that Seeger was a member of. Seeger formed the group in 1941 which was made up of a group of left-wing New Yorkers. Although the group made drastic efforts to try to create a band where everyone was equal they had difficulty battling the media in attempts to keep Seeger out of the spotlight. The Almanac Singers often found themselves in the company of Woody Guthrie.The group got along easily because they had the same political views and shared the same musical style. Seeger and Guthrie were also known to write songs together. One of their most well known songs is â€Å"Pittsburg† which was a c ompilation of their feelings about the war, environment and corruption in the steel industry. The subject matter of Seeger’s music gave him the title of most boycotted performer in history. There have even been accounts of attacks by people at his performances because of the lyrics his band chose to sing.Right before the Nazi’s invaded Russia the CIO had approached the Almanac Singers to go on a national tour with them. The news of the attack was released the day before they were due to leave for their tour. Since most of their song were anti war people could not make the decision to continue to support their music when it was against something that was now a necessary evil. One journalist said that the grouped â€Å"lacked the true politicians facility for changing overnight and the group soon found themselves in trouble† (Dunaway 91). This came to be the end of the band.Another folk artist who came to be well known because of his songs of protest is Bob Dylan. It seems fitting that one of his major influences and all time idol is Woody Guthrie. Like Guthrie, Dylan wrote songs about â€Å"general human conditions such as poverty† (Lorenzo and Kingman 76). One of his most well known songs is â€Å"Masters of War† which was originally written because of the cold war. However, after the release of the song it was found that the feelings that the song was able to create within listeners was the same during the time of the Vietnam War and even later to the War on Terror.Accounts of a concert that Dylan performed at on Veterans day in 2002 said that the crowd had the same feelings and sentiments that was felt by people during the first release at similar performances. Unlike Guthrie who kept his style consistent throughout the years, Dylan was known to change up his style, sound, type and even material of his music. These changes often caused fans to feel like they no longer could relate to the music of Dylan because they had just grown accustomed to the latest styles of his music. Others were suspicious of his constant changing and often accused him of chasing trends.However, Dylan’s compositions usually stayed true to the original style of protest songs in that they used barrow tunes from older songs with an ostinato found in the accompanying guitar while Dylan did his best to show authenticity in his voice. Regardless of how people feel about Dylan he still is seen as one of the major players in the folk music industry. Another form of music that originated from folk music is the blues. While it is said to be related to Black folk music from the south it is safe to say that Black folk music was highly influenced by American folk music.Black folk music was well known for use of antecedents in the form of hollers and cries which was still present in some forms of blues. The blues relates very closely to folk music by means of their subject matter. It was common for â€Å"some blues to speak of a nam eless depression, work or lack of it, poverty† (Lorenzo and Kingman 76). While some blues tells of hardships it also speaks often of personal lament of the relationships between men and women. One of the best known blues singers is Bessie Smith who is often referred to as the â€Å"Empress of Blues. By the end of her first recording year she was said to have sold over 2 million records and at one point in her career was responsible for saving Columbia Records from going bankrupt. Bessie Smith is most famous for her performances in which she was able to master the use of idioms and delivery her songs with such forcefulness that there are not that could surpass her in the industry. Towards the end of Smiths career she refused to adjust to the more modern tones which eventually led to her falling out of the music industry.Even though she was one of the most highly purchased recording artists she managed to spend all of her earnings without saving anything for her later life. It is said that when she died in a car accident in 1937 that she died without a penny to her name. A major reason for her lack of financial stability could be attributed to her life long battle with alcoholism. Bessie Smith was lucky to have worked with and learned from the Mother of Blues, Ma Rainey. Ma Rainey got her start as a young child in the minstrel-show business. However her music was always closest resembled rural folk blues when compared to other blues artists.Many of Ma Rainey’s song were found to empower females, which was often the opposite of the image that was portrayed by Bessie Smiths lyrics. I think it is important to make a connection between more traditional folk music and the blues that were sung by Smith and Rainey. It is important to remember that many folk singers were inspired by the changing times and unfair poverty that was being forced upon the majority of people during those times. Similarly, the blues era occurred immediately following the abolitio n of slavery.Much of the blues was focused on the expression of individual emotional needs. Considering that blacks had just been given their personal freedoms they were still imprisoned by their social and financial standings. It seems to make sense then that the music would focus on the one thing that they really did gain freedom in which was their love lives and the ability to choose who they would have relationships with. â€Å"Freely chosen sexual love became a mediator between historical disappointment and the new social realities of an evolving African American Community† (Davis n. ag). Many of the songs by Ma Rainey and Bessie Smith were about the changes in what was believed to be the â€Å"place† of women in the world. They were singing for more equality and for people to realize that the sole purpose of a woman was no longer to please her husband and to care for a household but that she could be independent and earn a living and take care of herself and her family if need be. Both the blues and folk music had important messages to communicate in regards to the changes occurring in society. Another well known blues singer was Muddy Waters.He was actually born with the name McKinley Morganfield but he was given the nickname Muddy by his mother and later decided to legally change his name. Waters musical style helped blues to transform into the next style of music which would be names rock and roll. Waters was responsible for introducing amplified music to blues. He is often referred to as the father of modern Chicago Blues which would be in the urban blues category. Urban blues introduced the use of more instruments of which included the piano and drums along with many others. Waters was strongly influenced by the more traditional gospel tradition.However, his own style was not so traditional in any sense. He gained his notoriety by his mastery of a guitar style that is called bottleneck. When Waters was discovered a scout was sent to fi nd a man that worked in the same field that Waters worked in. When the man got there he found that the person he was looking for had passed away and instead he discovered Waters. Race records were common during this time and it is most likely that Waters was discovered during an expedition to record race records that would be able to turn some quick sales.Because Waters was a man with such great talent the scout came back looking for him again and eventually Waters moved to Chicago and make music his life. Waters did not find it easy for him to make a name for himself in the music industry. It was not until after he had toured in England that he was able to return to the U. S. and was finally being seen for what he really was by the American people. Waters has been a major influence on many of today’s artists. Another blues artist who helped to pioneer the change from blues to rock and roll is B. B.King. King experienced the loss of his mother at the age of four years old and has been said to have had the blues running through his veins ever since that day. Like many artists King was able to use the pain and hardships in his life as inspiration for his music. However, his music also covers issues of the Civil Rights Movement and even the complicated politics that surrounded the music industry. His greatest success would have to be the part he played in pushing the limits and finding huge success in changing over from blues to rock and roll.It is often a difficult task to get people to change from their old ways and try something knew but King was able to win over fans and help give birth to one of the greatest musical eras to this day. After looking back at the history of where folk music originated and then taking a closer look at some of the artists of various eras of music it is easy to see how even the songs we hear on the radio today can be traced back to folk music roots. The one thing that music seems to keep in common in all eras is that there w ill often be songs that relate to the current events of the time.Especially when there is an unusually hardship or major event that has shaped society. After the war on terror began there were many artists from all genres that began to sing songs about our soldiers and their families and the heartache and pain that people were experiencing from the loss of loved ones of loneness of being apart. I think that music will continue with this oral tradition of communicating events and problems for the rest of time. Works Cited Candelaria, Lorenzo, and Daniel Kingman. American Music: A Panorama. 4th ed. Schirmer:Cengage Learning, 2004, 2007, 2012.Print Cray, Ed. Ramblin’ Man: The Life and Times of Woody Guthrie. New York: Norton andcompany, 2004. Print. Danchin, Sebastian. Blues Boy: The Life and Music of B. B. King. Mississippi: University Pressof Mississippi, 1998. Print. Davis, Angela Y. Blues Legacies and Black Feminism. New York: Vintage Books, 1998. Print Davis, Francis. The H istory of the Blues: The Roots, the Music, the People. Cambridge: Da CapoPress, 2003. Print. Dunaway, David King. How Can I Keep From Singing? The Ballad of Pete Seeger. New York:Villard Books, 2008. Print.

Free Essays on Sex In The 20s

Sex in the 20’s vs. Sex of Today The 1920’s marked a new era in the way that America and the world thought about sex and sexual encounters. The men and women of the 1920’s â€Å"created the sexual manners of the twentieth century† (87). The steps taken by the young of the 1920’s led too much of the desires and disapproval of dating in society today. One of the major aspects of relationships today is the art of dating. When people first began casual dating in the 1920’s, it â€Å"permitted a paired relationship without implying a commitment to marriage† (88). Much like that of today, dating also led to the encouragement of â€Å"experimental relations with numerous partners† (88). The attitude toward casual sex did not originate with the young adults of today. The philosophy of casual sex has been passed down through the generations. Much like today, the young people had to draw â€Å"distinct boundaries between what was acceptable erotic behavior and what was not† (89). These â€Å"boundaries† have been stretched, slightly wider with every passing generation, as the thought of being sexually active is slowly but surely being more and more acceptable. Much like that of today, dating and â€Å"messing around† was not a problem until â€Å"the rigid boundaries the young imposed on their own behavior were overstepped† (90). What the youth of today would call â€Å"fooling around† the youth of the 1920’s called â€Å"petting†(89). Much like the youth of today, the youth: †¦ Observed the restrictions on petting in order to remain respectable to peers, but given the occasion and the desire, one could and did per because it was commonly accepted behavior. There was undoubtedly also considerable pressure to pet at least a little in order to remain in good standing in the eyes of peers and to assure that future dates would be forthcoming (90). It is hard to define the fine line that a teenager must walk in order to keep both their pee... Free Essays on Sex In The 20s Free Essays on Sex In The 20s Sex in the 20’s vs. Sex of Today The 1920’s marked a new era in the way that America and the world thought about sex and sexual encounters. The men and women of the 1920’s â€Å"created the sexual manners of the twentieth century† (87). The steps taken by the young of the 1920’s led too much of the desires and disapproval of dating in society today. One of the major aspects of relationships today is the art of dating. When people first began casual dating in the 1920’s, it â€Å"permitted a paired relationship without implying a commitment to marriage† (88). Much like that of today, dating also led to the encouragement of â€Å"experimental relations with numerous partners† (88). The attitude toward casual sex did not originate with the young adults of today. The philosophy of casual sex has been passed down through the generations. Much like today, the young people had to draw â€Å"distinct boundaries between what was acceptable erotic behavior and what was not† (89). These â€Å"boundaries† have been stretched, slightly wider with every passing generation, as the thought of being sexually active is slowly but surely being more and more acceptable. Much like that of today, dating and â€Å"messing around† was not a problem until â€Å"the rigid boundaries the young imposed on their own behavior were overstepped† (90). What the youth of today would call â€Å"fooling around† the youth of the 1920’s called â€Å"petting†(89). Much like the youth of today, the youth: †¦ Observed the restrictions on petting in order to remain respectable to peers, but given the occasion and the desire, one could and did per because it was commonly accepted behavior. There was undoubtedly also considerable pressure to pet at least a little in order to remain in good standing in the eyes of peers and to assure that future dates would be forthcoming (90). It is hard to define the fine line that a teenager must walk in order to keep both their pee...